设计具有多互动功能科学博物馆展览的五个隐患
Sue Allen  Joshua Gutwill
(旧金山，探索馆)

【摘  要】互动式博物馆展览在科学中心中普遍存在，在艺术、历史和文化博物馆中也越来越流行。在互动式展览中，观众可以作用于展览，展览也会反作用于观众。尽管具有互动式功能的展览能够促进科学认知的观点得到许多理论上和经验上的支持，但如果在展览中过多采用互动性，不加批判地认为互动性“越多越好”，会导致严重的设计问题。本文描述了设计具有过多的互动性功能展览的五个隐患：(1)具有相同标准的多个选项；(2)允许多个用户互相妨碍的功能；(3)鼓励用户搞乱展览对象的选项；(4)难以找到关键对象的功能；(5)次要功能掩盖了主要功能。本文为以上每个问题提供了相关示例，并设计了可能的解决方案。
【关键词】互动式展览  设计  科学博物馆
[中图分类号]  G265    [文献标识码] A    [文章编号]  1673—8357  (2008) 01—0027—9

Designing Science Museum Exhibits
With Multiple Interactive Features：Five Common Pitfalls
Sue Allen  Joshua Gutwill
(Exploratorium San Francisco)

Abstract：Interactive museum exhibits are ubiquitous in science centers, and are becoming increasingly popular in art, history and cultural museums．At an interactive exhibit, visitors can act on the exhibit and the exhibit reacts．While there is much theoretical and empirical support for the idea that interactive features in exhibits promote science learning, we believe that serious design problems can arise if an uncritical“more is better”approach is taken to interactivity．This article describes five common pitfalls of designing exhibits with high levels of interactivity or multiple interactive features：(1)  multiple options with equal salience. (2) features allowing multiple users to interfere with one another, (3) options that encourage users to disrupt the phenomenon being displayed，(4) features that make the critical phenomenon difficult to find，and (5) secondary features that obscure the primary feature．Examples of each of the five problems are presented，and possible design solutions are offered．
Keywords：interactive exhibits；design；science museum
CLC Numbers：G265    Document Code：A Article ID：1673—8357 (2008) 01—0o27—9
         

我国少数民族地区科普状况调查研究初探
任福君  张晓梅
(中国科普研究所，北京100081)

【摘  要】  本文介绍了对全国少数民族地区科普状况调查的一般情况。对全国少数民族地区县(市、区)科协组织建设情况、农村科普队伍建设情况、科普投入和科普基础设施建设情况以及县(市、区)科协开展农村科普工作的情况进行了分析，归纳了存在的主要问题，并对今后的工作提出了一些建议。
【关键词】  少数民族 科普状况  调查
[中图分类号]  G2    [文献标识码] A    [文章编号]  1673—8357  (2008)  01—0036—8

The Exploration of the Investigation on Science Popularization
in the Living Area of Chinese Minority
Ren Fujun    Zhang Xiaomei
(China Research Institute for Science popularization，Beijing 100081)

Abstract：This paper objectively introduces the investigation on the general situation of science popularization in the living area of Chinese minority．The detailed analyses on the organization construction of the association for science and technology, the human resources of science popularization in the rural, financial imput and the basic facilities of science popularization are included．Furthermore，the existing main problems are summarized，and constructive advice is proposed for the work in future．
Keywords：minority； science popularization situation； investigation
CLC Numbers：G2    Document Code：A    Article ID：1673—8357 (2008) 01-0036—8
         

印度公民科学素养发展概况
史玉民  韩芳
(中国科技大学科技哲学部，合肥 230026)

【摘  要】科学素养在不同国家已显得非常重要，印度尤其重视科普工馆。本文试图先从印度的科技政策来看对科普的支持，然后在理论上分析科学素养在印度的发展，以及现实中印度测评科学素养的状况，最后谈谈对中国的启示。
【关键词】科技政策  科普科学素养问卷调查
[中图分类号] G4    [文献标识码] A    [文章编号]  1673—8357  (2008)  01—0044—6

The Survey on Citizen ScientifiC Iiteracy of India
Shi Yuming  Han Fang
(Department of the philosophy of Science，University of Science and Techndgy of China，Hefei 230026)

Abstract：Scientific literacy has become a very important issue in different countries．India attaches particular attention on popularizing science．This paper attempts to start from the perspective of India's science and technology policy to see it's support of popular science，then analyzes theoretically the development of science literacy in India and the reality of the India's measure of scientific literacy，and finally turns to the Enlightenment of India to China.
Keywords：science and technology policy； popular science；  science literacy；  survey
CLC Numbers：G4    Document Code：A    Article ID：1673—8357 (2008) 01—0044—6